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Format

SIARD (Software-Independent Archiving of Relational Databases)

Summary

Name
SIARD (Software-Independent Archiving of Relational Databases)
Version
1.0
Identifiers
PUID: fmt/161
Format type
Database
Disclosure
Full
Description
Software-Independent Archiving of Relational Databases is a format for storing content of relational databases in files for long-term preservation e.g. in archives. The format was developed by the Swiss Federal Archives. It is an open standard and is supported by the SIARD software of the Swiss Federal Archives. SIARD format is a ZIP file (based on the 64 bit extension of the ZIP format introduced by PkWare Inc. with version 4.5 of the ZIP format definition in order to avoid size limitations which are unrealistic for databases). The ZIP file contains an XML file describing the database structure (database metadata) as well as a collection of XML files describing the table content (database primary data) as well as - optionally - some text files and some binary files representing database large objects (BLOBs and CLOBs). SIARD format is used for archiving databases adhering to the SQL (ideally SQL:1999 core) standard.
File extensions
siard
Source
Swiss Federal Archives / Swiss Federal Archives
Developed by
Swiss Federal Archives / Swiss Federal Archives
Supported by
Swiss Federal Archives / Swiss Federal Archives

Relationships

Has priority over

Internal signatures

SIARD

Note
Signature for SIARD, combining that of a standard ZIP file and the expected XMLNS string: xmlns=“http://www.bar.admin.ch/xmlns/siard/1.0/metadata.xsd“ - Offset currently set to 1024 bytes but it is expected that this could be improved given further test data.

Byte sequences

Min Frag Length
Absolute from BOF
Offset
0
Max offset
None
Byte Sequence
504B0304*504B0304*786D6C6E733D22687474703A2F2F7777772E6261722E61646D696E2E63682F786D6C6E732F73696172642F312E302F6D657461646174612E78736422
Endianness
None
Min Frag Length
Absolute from EOF
Offset
0
Max offset
None
Byte Sequence
504B01{43-65531}504B0506{18-65531}
Endianness
None

Container signatures

Type: ZIP

31000 - SIARD 1.0

File path
header/metadata.xml

Byte sequence reference

BOFoffset

Sub sequences
Min Frag Length
Position
1
Sub sequence min offset
50
Sub sequence max offset
256
Sequence
'xmlns="http://www.bar.admin.ch/xmlns/siard/1.0/metadata.xsd"'

Changelog

  • Added in V94

    Release date
    17 September 2018

    SIARD (Software-Independent Archiving of Relational Databases) 2.0: Minor description update provided by Landesarchiv Nordrhein-Westfalen.

    SIARD (Software-Independent Archiving of Relational Databases) 1.0: Added container signature in response to enquiry from Landesarchiv Nordrhein-Westfalen. Retained current binary signature for continuing compatibility with DROID versions earlier than 6.0, although the container signature method is preferred where available.

  • Updated in V74

    Release date
    31 March 2014

    SIARD (Software-Independent Archiving of Relational Databases): Merged BOF and VAR sequences to avoid offset issue identified by Ross Spencer.

  • Updated in V73

    Release date
    27 February 2014

    SIARD (Software-Independent Archiving of Relational Databases) - 1.0: Version number changed from 2.0 to 1.0 from advice from the Swiss Federal Archives.

  • Added in V38

    Release date
    1 August 2010

    SIARD (Software-Independnent Archiving of Relational Databases) - 2.0: Signature developed from information provided by The Swiss Federal Archives