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<PRONOM-Report xmlns="http://pronom.nationalarchives.gov.uk">
  <report_format_detail>
    <FileFormat>
      <FormatID>1100</FormatID>
      <FormatName>Acrobat PDF/A - Portable Document Format</FormatName>
      <FormatVersion>1b</FormatVersion>
      <FormatAliases> </FormatAliases>
      <FormatFamilies> </FormatFamilies>
      <FormatTypes>Page Description</FormatTypes>
      <FormatDisclosure>Full</FormatDisclosure>
      <FormatDescription>The Portable Document Format/ Archive is a format designed for long term preservation by Adobe Systems. PDF/A is a simplified version of PDF 1.4, with all of the features from PDF 1.4 that would impede long term preservation removed. Removed features include Javascript, Audio/Visual content, LZW compression and encryption. A major principle of PDF/A is that it is self contained and not reliant on externalities thus all font and colour information is encoded into the file. PDF/A files are larger than other types of PDF files due to the need for embedded information.
PDF/A supports two levels of compliance PDF/A1-a (Accessible) and PDF/A1-b (Basic). PDF/A1-a is fully ISO 19005-1:2005 (PDF/A-1) compliant whereas PDF/A1-b is less stringent and not compliant. PDF/A1-a requires tagged PDF and Unicode whereas PDF/A1-b does not.
The signature identification proposed for PDF/A 1b has been tested against a number of PDF/A and PDF files for verification. However, PDF itself is a complex format, and while the PDF/A 1b signature contained in PRONOM will identify many PDF/A 1b files, DROID can only identify what a file asserts itself to be. As there are a number of ways in which PDF/A 1b files can violate the PDF/A 1b conformance, which can not be spotted until the file is parsed, it is recommended that PDF files are tested against validation software when attempting to confirm identification. Further information concerning PDF/A violations, and a test suite of PDF items which fail to conform to PDF/A standards, can be found at http://www.pdfa.org/2011/08/isartor-test-suite/</FormatDescription>
      <BinaryFileFormat>Binary</BinaryFileFormat>
      <ByteOrders> </ByteOrders>
      <ReleaseDate>01 Oct 2005</ReleaseDate>
      <WithdrawnDate> </WithdrawnDate>
      <ProvenanceSourceID>1</ProvenanceSourceID>
      <ProvenanceName>Digital Preservation Department / The National Archives</ProvenanceName>
      <ProvenanceSourceDate>11 Jul 2011</ProvenanceSourceDate>
      <ProvenanceDescription>Additional information regarding violations of PDF/A 1b conformance added November 2011.
Additional information regarding violations of PDF/A 1b conformance added February 2014.</ProvenanceDescription>
      <LastUpdatedDate>11 Feb 2022</LastUpdatedDate>
      <FileFormatIdentifier>
        <Identifier>application/pdf</Identifier>
        <IdentifierType>MIME</IdentifierType>
      </FileFormatIdentifier>
      <FileFormatIdentifier>
        <Identifier>com.adobe.pdf</Identifier>
        <IdentifierType>Apple Uniform Type Identifier</IdentifierType>
      </FileFormatIdentifier>
      <FileFormatIdentifier>
        <Identifier>fmt/354</Identifier>
        <IdentifierType>PUID</IdentifierType>
      </FileFormatIdentifier>
      <ExternalSignature>
        <ExternalSignatureID> </ExternalSignatureID>
        <Signature>pdf</Signature>
        <SignatureType>File extension</SignatureType>
      </ExternalSignature>
      <InternalSignature>
        <SignatureID>521</SignatureID>
        <SignatureName>Acrobat PDF/A 1b 1</SignatureName>
        <SignatureNote>Describes a signature for the PDF/A format with 1b conformance. Identifies the PDF header (1.3 through to 1.7) and byte sequence which equals - xmlns:pdfaid="http://www.aiim.org/pdfa/ns/id/"&gt;.&lt;pdfaid:part&gt;1&lt;/pdfaid:part&gt;.&lt;pdfaid:conformance&gt;B&lt;/pdfaid:conformance&gt;. Which is the PDF/A identification namespace within the PDF/A meta-data, and the 1b conformance. See ISO 19005-1:2005 and Technical Corrigendum 1 for further information.</SignatureNote>
        <ByteSequence>
          <ByteSequenceID>1</ByteSequenceID>
          <PositionType>Absolute from BOF</PositionType>
          <Offset>0</Offset>
          <MaxOffset>144</MaxOffset>
          <IndirectOffsetLocation> </IndirectOffsetLocation>
          <IndirectOffsetLength> </IndirectOffsetLength>
          <Endianness> </Endianness>
          <ByteSequenceValue>255044462D312E[30:37]</ByteSequenceValue>
        </ByteSequence>
        <ByteSequence>
          <ByteSequenceID>1</ByteSequenceID>
          <PositionType>Variable</PositionType>
          <Offset> </Offset>
          <MaxOffset> </MaxOffset>
          <IndirectOffsetLocation> </IndirectOffsetLocation>
          <IndirectOffsetLength> </IndirectOffsetLength>
          <Endianness> </Endianness>
          <ByteSequenceValue>786D6C6E733A7064666169643D(22|27)687474703A2F2F7777772E6169696D2E6F72672F706466612F6E732F6964*7064666169643A70617274(3D22|3D27|3E)31(22|27|3C2F7064666169643A706172743E){0-120}7064666169643A636F6E666F726D616E6365(3E|3D22|3D27)42(22|27|3C2F7064666169643A636F6E666F726D616E63653E)</ByteSequenceValue>
        </ByteSequence>
      </InternalSignature>
      <InternalSignature>
        <SignatureID>966</SignatureID>
        <SignatureName>Acrobat PDF/A 1b 2</SignatureName>
        <SignatureNote>Describes a signature for the PDF/A format with 1b conformance. Identifies the PDF header (1.3 through to 1.7) and byte sequence which equals - xmlns:pdfaid="http://www.aiim.org/pdfa/ns/id/"&gt;.&lt;pdfaid:conformance&gt;B&lt;/pdfaid:conformance&gt;.&lt;pdfaid:part&gt;1&lt;/pdfaid:part&gt;. Which is the PDF/A identification namespace within the PDF/A meta-data, and the 1b conformance. See ISO 19005-1:2005 and Technical Corrigendum 1 for further information.</SignatureNote>
        <ByteSequence>
          <ByteSequenceID>1</ByteSequenceID>
          <PositionType>Absolute from BOF</PositionType>
          <Offset>0</Offset>
          <MaxOffset>144</MaxOffset>
          <IndirectOffsetLocation> </IndirectOffsetLocation>
          <IndirectOffsetLength> </IndirectOffsetLength>
          <Endianness> </Endianness>
          <ByteSequenceValue>255044462D312E[30:37]</ByteSequenceValue>
        </ByteSequence>
        <ByteSequence>
          <ByteSequenceID>1</ByteSequenceID>
          <PositionType>Variable</PositionType>
          <Offset> </Offset>
          <MaxOffset> </MaxOffset>
          <IndirectOffsetLocation> </IndirectOffsetLocation>
          <IndirectOffsetLength> </IndirectOffsetLength>
          <Endianness> </Endianness>
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        </ByteSequence>
      </InternalSignature>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has lower priority than</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>818</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Acrobat PDF/X - Portable Document Format - Exchange 1a:2001</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion> </RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has lower priority than</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>819</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Acrobat PDF/X - Portable Document Format - Exchange 3:2002</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion> </RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has priority over</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>616</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Acrobat PDF 1.3 - Portable Document Format</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion> </RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has priority over</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>617</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Acrobat PDF 1.4 - Portable Document Format</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion> </RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has priority over</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>618</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Acrobat PDF 1.5 - Portable Document Format</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion> </RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has priority over</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>637</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Acrobat PDF 1.6 - Portable Document Format</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion> </RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has priority over</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>869</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>TrueType Font</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion> </RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has priority over</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>1016</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Acrobat PDF 1.7 - Portable Document Format</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion> </RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
    </FileFormat>
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</PRONOM-Report>